Strength-testing machine.



. maximum capability o f the fabriefor resist-uV ing strains or pressure imparted thereagainst Hampden and State of srnrns rnrnnr OFFICE.'

SON, INCORPORATED, OF HOLYOKE, MASS SETTS.

.ULESSON W. PUTNAM, OF Il()'ll..Y()K.F7 MASSAOHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO1'B..F.'PERKINS AND ACHUSETTS, A CORPORATION OF MASSACHU- ivo. 924,625.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 8, 1909-.

Application led January 27, 1909. Serial o, 474,608.

To all whom it mayconcern:

Be it known that 1CLnssoN W. PUTNAM, a citizen of the United States of America, and resident of Holyoke, in the county of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful improve ments-in Strength-Testing Machines, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact descri tion.

is invention relates to improvements in apparatuses foritesting the strength of sheet materials, such as paper, textile or knit fabrics and the like, by determination of the transversely of the surface thereof; and it particularly pertains to a somewhat well known type of testing apparatus which comprises a fabric supportin Y, apertured, platform having, overlying the aperture thereof an elastic ,nation of the u nduly liberated diaphragm actuating glycerin, or other-liquid, so as to injure the clothing of the persons 1n proximity to the instrument and otherwise in various ways causing inconvenience and damage.

The present invention comprises in combination with the skeleton like fabric clamp which cooperates with the fabric supporting,

.apertured diaphragm platform, in an apparatus of the character described, a casing preferably of transparent material for inclosing the openwork clamp and serving to prevent any upward and outward throwing or scattering of the glycerin or other liquid in case of bursting of the diaphragm.

The invention furthermore comprises certain specific combinations and arrangements of parts and the constructions of `parts as hereinafter articularly described in conjunc tion with the accompanying drawings, and all as set forth in the claims.

In the drawings :e-.Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of a testing machine comprising as a part thereof the present improvements;

Z2: therein with lby the' diaphragm D F'g. 2 is a plan and projected central section of the casing.

In the drawings :--Av represents the frame of the testing apparatus comprising afabric supporting aprturedplatform B and an arm O extending upwardly and over theplatform having a vertical screw threaded aperture a therethrough. The frame or body of the apparatus has a an upwardly leading branch waydwhich which is of soft india rubber or other elastiomaterial having fitnessto thepurpose.A

A piston Ein the boreis moved axially by the turm'ng of the hand wheel G to displace the glycerin or other iuid in the bore and its branch, b cZ,- against the distend it upwardly and in a `direction transversely of its surface for the aperturef in the 'platform t for its'straine inv effect againstthe fabricy whichis clamped on the platform, by the clamp.

The clamp comprises a base ring J, a hub 7c above the central opening of the ring, constructed Vwith an upwardly opening socket g therein,*and aplurality of separated arms i usually connect the said base ringJ and the hub 7c.

H represents a screw of quite large diame ter, having a hand wheel Lat its upper end for turning it,-an intermediate portion of said screw threading through the aforesaid aperture c of the frame arm, and having its lower extremity of rounded or semi-spherical form and engaged in the socket g of -the hub 7c; and m represents a stem extending loosely through the said screw H, having by its lowerextremity a screw engagement in the' upper hubp-rovided portion of the clamp, and having at its upper end a head in engagement against the upper ,end of the operating screwH.

.M represents an indicating and-registering device subject to and operated by the uid under pressure in the apparatus.

I represents a easing"7 referably formed of glass, although it may Celluloid or otherv transparent material, such casing being providedas an inverted cup having an aperture 0in the .middleof its transverse portiont, the casing surrounding the openwork or skeleton clamp, its circular lower edgeresting on the marginal ortion of the base ring of the clamp while t e said is traversed andfclosed protrusion through three in number, which diaphragm vto e of transparent los aperture accommodates therethroughv .the

hub. k of the clamp.

. Preparatory to using the testing apfpa'raf tus, and when the clampvis raised, the abric to be tested is laid'on the apertured platform under the .clam and the hand wheel is turned sorthat t e screw H having a downward movementcarries the base ring of the clamp (which is usually bushed witha thickness of rubber) to contact against -the fabric;

and inasmuch as there might be a tendency of.`|` the clamp to weakenor ru ture the fabric if vit were to have 'a revolube movement`in'" contact on the latter while the'piinal clampin pressure is being imparted by .the owerfu action o f thefoperating screw H, At e capability of the clamp to remain at rest on coming .against thefabric while-the operating screw is being further -turned for Aacquiring the t the hand wheel G is turned to move the A'iston F which displac'es the liquid :t to upwardly distend the elastic diaphragm against the portion of the fabric overlying the aperture in the platform and within the central lo ening of the annular clamp base; and the istortion and rial .ruptuiin' y of the fabric may be observed through t e transparent casing P as well also as will be seen the progression-o the indicator M and themaximum registration thereof'.

VIt is, of course, extpected in these testers, that the elastic'rub er diaphragms will in time deterioriateand renewable diaphragme are rovided to re iace old ones as easily possi le bythe ma ring of the upper part of the fabric supporting platform in the form of a flat topped'iing having-a depending internally threaded iange ,u to screw engage' the edge of .the portion e of the frame; and while it A:ma never be known just when one of the elastic diaphragms is liable to burst, little concern, however, need-'be had on that 4 account because of the provision of the clamp inclos' transparent casing' AI which, in the event o the bursting 'of the diaphragm confines within the chamber inclosed thereby the diaphragm actuatingglycerin or other liquid, and precludes the possibility of the latter being thrown" upwardly around and, about the instrument to be scattered on',l

persons observing attest and'upon adjacent obiects.

, `1. The combination., in a strength testing machine comprising a fabric supporting ape erturedI plat or'm vhaving an elastic diay tendingl upwardl in said socket, a stem extending'throug earnest hragm, a Huid having connection with the 'aphragm', means lfor imparting a dia-y phragm distendlngfpressure on the fluid,

exerted by .the Huid, and 'a skeleton fabric means for indicating the strain or-pressu-re clamp cooperating with the platform, and. a means for operating it,-vof 'a easing for in-` l closing said skeleton clamp and serving to prevent a dissemination ofthe liquid around and about the apertured platform in /ciise of bursting of the aphragm i 2. In a strength testing machine comprising a fabric supporting, apertured, plat om having a fluid o erated elastic diaphragm, means for indica ing the strain'lexerted by the Huid, and-a skeleton fabric clamp coperating with the platform,l and means for op` erating it,-,-a .tra'ne arent casing surround'- ing and inclosin sai skeleton clamp, for the .purposes set for h,

.3i In a strength testing machine ing a fabric supporting aperturedplat orm provided with a Huid operated elasticdiephragm, a fabric ,clamp comprising 'a base ring,- a` hub above the central opening ofthe ring and a plurality of se aratedarms connecting the base an said hub, means, connected with sai hub, for forc` clamp against the platform and retiring it therefrom, and. an inverted cup shaped transparent casing having an aperture in the middle of its transverse portion, said casing surrounding the openwork clamp and ha the hub of the latter accommo ated throug saida ertu're.

"4. la strength testing machine a fabric supporting platform provided with' a fluid operated elastic diaphra m, afabric clamp comprising a base ring, a ub above the een tral opening of the base ring and a plurality ofseparated arms connecting the base ring and said hub, means for reciprocating the clamp relatively tothe platform'and an in? verted centrally apertured cup shaped trans-x parent casing, which rests, by its lower edge, on the marginal portion of the base ring of the clamp and surrounds and' inoloses the clampl, for the purposes set forth.

. 5. n a strength testing machine, in corribination, a frame com rising a fabric supporting apertured plat orm and an armfexand .over the platform the esv

having a verticaA screw threadeda yerture A therethrough, a fluid operated elas icda-v hragm connected with the .apex'tured` platorni a fabric clamp' comprising a base ring,l a hub above the central opening having an upwardly opening socket therein, and a pluralityofseparated arms connecting the base ring and said hub, a so evi having a hand wheel at its up er` end, in ermediately threading through' said aperture'of the' frame im and having its lower extremity engaged said screw and having its lower extremity screw 'of the ring v- A 924.625 t A I l engiged with saiid huh, :ind :in inverted cup sha )ed transparent easing, aiperliiredf in the mi die of its triiii'sversc portion, surrou'nding und inlosing`r the ,opeiiwork-(-laiiiip, loi-''dizitely threading: il

5 theInirposes set. forth. i

6. 1n :i strength testing iimchne, in 'i-oiii'- bnuton', n frame coni )risingv :i foin-ie supltending upwardly :ind over ng uperliircd plait oriiiaiiid :in `:iriii exthc platform 10 having :i verticnlisrew threaded .aperture therethrough, n fluid operated elastic dnilirugni connected withthe uperiui'cd phitf.

n. hub nbovethc 'zentral ope u. fabric clainip oniprisingii buse ring,

'ning of the.' ri ng "1 haing an iipwnrdly opening socket therein,

s.ind :i plurality of s nig :i hund wheel :it

the frniiie urniA :ini ti'eiiiity engaged iii uf.' the buse ring-:ind said hul), :i screw hurit:'-: upper end, iiiterniciroiigh said :ipeiiiire ol l-hanfiiig its lower e.\ said socket, :ind n stem' extending'ihrough'Suid 'si-ren' :ind having its Signed by ni'e Kloss., iii

A .\i. S. BELnowm' G. li. DiiiscoLL. 

